synteza ATP z acetylo-CoA, Biochemia, Biochemia. Schematy przemian
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ATP SYNTHESIS
from ACETYL-CoA
INTER -MEMBRANE SPACE
FMN
H
2
1.6.5.3
ACETYL
-
CoA
I
FMN
Fe-S
1.6.5.3
4
4
Oxaloacetate
2
Citrate
Malate
UQ
FAD
H
2
Fe-S
1.3.5.1
NADH+H
+
Ubiquino
n
e
Cycle
Cyt.b
-
OOCCH=CHCOO
-
Isocitrate
II
Fumarate
FAD
1.3.5.1
2-Oxoglutarate
4
4
UQH
2
2
H
H
Cyt.b
2H
+
-
OOCCH-C
H
COO
-
Succin
a
te
Succinyl-CoA
P
i
Fe-S
Cyt.c
1
III
Cyt.c
MITOCHONDRIAL
MATRIX
GTP
GDP
ATP
Cu
A
Cyt.a
1
/
2
O
2
ADP
3.6.1.34
F
1
Cy
t
.a
3
Cu
B
ATP
IV
2
H
+
P
i
P
P
i
ATP
HO
2
P
i
2
2
2
1
1
ADP
ADP
ADP
3
F
0
MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE
+++++++++++++ + ++++++++
+++++++
+++++
ADP
ADP
P
i
P
i
ATP
INTER -MEMBRANE SPACE
1
ONS
1
1ATP
3
E
CYTOSOL
T
CELL MEMBRANE
Anaerobic Oxidation of Acetyl-CoA in the TCA Cycle
CO
2,
NADH
, and
Ubiquinol (from succinate)
CH
3
COSCoA + 3NAD
+
+1UQ
(FAD)
+ GDP + P
i
+2H
2
O
2CO
2
+ 1HSCoA +
3NADH
+3H
+
+1UQH
2
(FADH
2
)
+
1GTP
Aerobic
Oxidation of
NADH and Ubiquinol
(from succinate)
provides energy for ATP Formation
TRANSLOCATION
OF PROTONS
the translocation of
protons
from the mitochondrial matrix to the inter-membrane space,
This produces a high concentration of
protons
- and hence an electrochemical gradient
or protonmotive force which drives the phosphorylation of
ADP
to form
ATP.
Mitochondrial Matrix
2
ATP
4
4
INNER
MATRIX
COMPLEX IV
MEMBRANE
COMPLEXES
COMPLEX I
COMPLEX II
COMPLEX III
NADH dehydrogenase
(ubiquinone)
Succinate
dehydrogenase
(ubiquinone)
1.3.5.1
cytochrome-c
Cytochrome-c
oxidase
ATP-synthase
3.6.1.34
INNER
MEMBRANE
reductase
ENZYMES
1.6.5.3
1.9.3.1
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++ ++ ++
4
4
2
INTER
MEMBRANE
Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space
ATP SYNTHESIS
ADP + P
i
ATP
is driven by (1+3) = protons translocated from the intermembrane space back to the matrix
4
1NADH + 1H
+
initiates tran
s
location of
10
protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space
1 UQH
2
(FADH
2
)
"
"
6
"
" "
"
"
" "
"
"
ATP YIELD
from Acetyl-CoA
3NADH + 3H
+
initiates translocation of approximately
30
protons equivalent to
7.5 ATP
1 UQH
2
(FADH
2
)
"
"
"
6
"
"
"
1.5
1GTP
from TCA Cycle
1P
Subtract 0.25 ATP for translocation of 1Pi into matrix for 1GTP formation
0.25 ATP
Aerobic Oxidation of Acetyl-CoA
9.75 ATP
CH
3
COSCoA + 2O
2
+9.75 ADP +9.75 P
i
2CO
2
+ HSCoA + 10.75 H
2
O+
9.75ATP
Calculations involving translocated protons are approximate and consensus values
c
2001
Electron flow
from
NADH and succinate
into the mitochondrial inner membrane drives
Ubiquinol-
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